Knee replacement surgery, also known as knee arthroplasty, is a common procedure performed to relieve pain and restore function in severely damaged knee joints. Whether due to arthritis, injury, or other conditions, knee replacement can significantly improve quality of life for many individuals.
Knee replacement surgery involves removing damaged portions of the knee joint and replacing them with artificial components made of metal, plastic, or ceramic materials. The goal is to reduce pain, improve mobility, and restore function to the knee.
Who Needs Knee Replacement Surgery?
Knee replacement may be recommended for individuals experiencing severe knee pain and stiffness that limits daily activities, such as walking, climbing stairs, or getting in and out of chairs. Common reasons for knee replacement include osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, post-traumatic arthritis, and knee deformities.
Types of Knee Replacement Surgeries:
Total Knee Replacement: In this procedure, both the ends of the thigh and shin bones are replaced with prosthetic components.
Partial Knee Replacement: Only the damaged part of the knee joint is replaced, preserving healthy bone and tissue.
Revision Knee Replacement: This surgery is performed to replace a previously implanted knee prosthesis that has become damaged or worn out.
Preparing for Knee Replacement Surgery:
Before surgery, patients may undergo medical evaluations, blood tests, and imaging scans to assess the knee joint’s condition. It’s essential to discuss any medications, allergies, or existing medical conditions with the surgical team. Pre-operative exercises and physical therapy may also be recommended to strengthen the muscles surrounding the knee.
What to Expect During the Procedure:
Knee replacement surgery is typically performed under general anesthesia or regional anesthesia. The surgeon makes an incision over the knee joint, removes damaged tissue and bone, and implants the artificial components. The procedure usually takes a few hours, and most patients spend a few days in the hospital for recovery.
Recovery and Rehabilitation:
After surgery, patients will work with physical therapists to regain strength, flexibility, and range of motion in the knee. Rehabilitation may include exercises, walking aids, and assistive devices to support mobility. It’s crucial to follow the surgeon’s instructions for post-operative care and attend follow-up appointments for monitoring progress.
Risks and Complications:
While knee replacement surgery is generally safe, potential risks and complications can occur with any surgery, including infection, blood clots, etc. Patients should be aware of these risks and discuss any concerns with their healthcare providers.
How long does a knee replacement last?
The lifespan of a knee replacement varies for each individual but can last 15-20 years or more with proper care and maintenance.
Will I be able to resume activities like jogging or skiing after knee replacement?
While knee replacement can improve mobility, high-impact activities may not be recommended. It’s best to consult with your surgeon regarding specific activities.
How soon can I return to work after knee replacement surgery?
The recovery timeline varies, but many patients can return to light activities within a few weeks.
Can I drive after knee replacement surgery?
It’s typically safe to drive once you are no longer taking narcotic pain medications and can comfortably operate a vehicle.