Hematologic Oncology in Turkey

Discover Hematologic Oncology in Turkey

Hematology oncology is a medical field that combines two areas of study: hematology, which focuses on understanding blood, and oncology, which deals with the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. Hematologic oncologists are doctors who specialize in diagnosing, treating, and preventing blood cancers and disorders related to blood. 

Blood cancers, also known as hematologic malignancies, are different from other types of cancer because they develop in the body’s blood cells and may not form tumors. While some hematologic oncologists have expertise in treating solid tumors, like breast cancer or lung cancer, most focus on blood-related conditions. Stem cell transplantation, also called hematopoietic progenitor cell transplantation, is a treatment option for certain blood cancers. 

Why Do Patients See Hematologic
Oncologists?

Patients may be referred to a hematologic oncologist if their blood test shows abnormalities. Blood is composed of different components: white blood cells fight infections, red blood cells carry oxygen, platelets help blood clot, and plasma transports waste products. If there are too many or too few of any of these components, a hematologic oncologist may investigate for signs of blood cancer or other blood disorders. For example, multiple myeloma can occur in the plasma in bone marrow, while Hodgkin lymphoma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma develop in a type of white blood cell called lymphocytes.

How Do Hematologic Oncologists Treat Blood Cancers?

Treatment for blood cancer depends on various factors, such as the type of cancer, the patient’s age, the cancer’s progression rate, and whether it has spread. Working with the rest of the cancer care team, the hematologic oncologist develops a comprehensive treatment plan. This plan may include targeted therapy, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, immunotherapy (like CAR T-cell therapy), and stem cell transplantation. Supportive care services such as nutrition support, pain management, counseling, and physical therapy may also be recommended to reduce side effects and aid recovery.

What Are the
Procedures for Stem
Cell Transplants?

Advancements in stem cell research have improved outcomes for patients undergoing stem cell transplants. Healthy stem cells can be collected from bone marrow, peripheral blood, or umbilical cord blood. These stem cells are then infused intravenously into the patient’s body to replace diseased or damaged bone marrow. The type of stem cell transplantation depends on where the healthy stem cells are obtained:

  • Autologous stem cell transplant uses the patient’s own stem cells.
  • Allogeneic stem cell transplant uses stem cells from a compatible donor.

The goal of transplantation is to stimulate new bone marrow growth, suppress the disease, and reduce the risk of relapse. Before the transplant, patients undergo a conditioning regimen aimed at eliminating cancer cells, often through high-dose chemotherapy or radiation therapy. After transplantation, the care team monitors the patient’s blood counts for several months and provides transfusions of red blood cells and platelets as necessary.

What Supportive Care Services Are Available
for Blood Cancer Patients?

Alongside cancer treatment, patients may receive supportive care services to manage side effects and improve their well-being. These services can include nutritional and naturopathic support, pain management, psychosocial counseling, and physical therapy.

How Is the Recovery Process After Stem Cell Transplantation?

Following transplantation, the patient’s blood counts are monitored, and transfusions of red blood cells and platelets may be provided as needed. The recovery process requires close medical supervision and support from the healthcare team.

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